文档介绍：外文原文:
Congestion Pricing and Sustainable Development of Urban
Transportation system
Abstract
The rapid growth in urbanization and motorization generally contributes to an urban transportation system that is economically, environmentally and socially unsustainable. The result has been a relentless increase in traffic congestion. Road congestion pricing has been proposed many times as an economic measure to fight congestion in urban traffic, but has not seen widespread use in practice because of Some potential impacts of road pricing remain unknown. he paper first reviews the concept of sustainable transportation system, which should meet the goals of economic development, environmental protection and social justice collectively. And then, based on the characteristics of sustainable transportation system, how congestion pricing can contribute to economic growth, environmental protection and social justice is examined. Examination result shows that congestion pricing is a powerful way to promote the sustainable development of urban transportation system.
Introduction
Urban transportation is a pressing concern in mega cities around the world. Along with China’s rapid development of urbanization and motorization, traffic jams has e a more and more serious problem, resulting in greater time delay, increase of energy consumption and air pollution, decrease of reliability of work. In many cities traffic congestion is seen as a hindrance to economic development. Numerous methods can be used to address congestion and reduce transport density, including building new infrastructure, improving maintenance and operation of infrastructure, and using the existing infrastructure more efficiently through demand management strategies, including pricing mechanisms.
Congestion pricing has long been proposed as an effective measure bat traffic congestion. The principle objective of congestion pricing is to alleviate congestion by implementing surcharge for the use selected conges