文档介绍：Malaria
Dept. of Infectious Disease
Shengjing Hospital
CMU
Definition
Malaria is a parasitosis caused by plasmodia.
It is transmitted to human by the mosquito.
Clinical feature: cyclic chill, high fever & profuse sweating. In chronic illness, there are anemia & splenomegaly.
Etiology
anism: Plasmodia
P. Vivax: tertian malaria
P. Malariae: quartan malaria
P. Falciparum: malignant malaria
P. Ovale: tertian malaria
Pathogenicity: merozoite, malarial pigment &
products of metabolism
Etiology
Tachysporozoite
Bradysporozoite
Merozoite
Sporozoite
Parasitemia
Etiology
Two periods:
human - whole asexual reproduction
mosquito - sexual parasitic stage
Two hosts:
human - intermediate host
mosquito - final host
notes:
clinical symptoms: erythrocytic stage
relapse: exerythrocytic stage
infectivity: sporozoite
Life cycle of the malaria parasite
mosquito
microgametocyte
zygote
oocyst
sporozoite
Blood stream
tachysporozoite
merozoite
mature
rupture
Bradysporozoite
Blood stream
reenter
phagocyte
merozoite
trophzoite
shizont
mature
release
merozoite
gametocyte
Erythrocytic phase
Exoerythrocytic stage
human
Epidemiology
Source of infection
Patient, parasite carrier
Route of transmission
female mosquito biting person
blood transfusion
Susceptibility:
universal susceptibility
no-cross-immunity
re-infection
Epidemic features:
sporadic or endemic, tropic or subtropic