文档介绍：Session 1 Culture, Communication, Intercultural Communication
Importance of Intercultural Communication
Why did yulture consists of traditional (. historically derived and selected) ideas and especially their attached values; culture systems may, on the one hand, be considered as products of action, on the other as conditioning elements of further action.
Porter & Samovar
The deposit（沉淀物） of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving.
----Intercultural Communication: A Reader
Basic functions of culture
Culture makes all things easy.
- by providing meaning to events, objects and people --- making life less confusing
- by providing us with structure --- the skills and rules necessary to adapt to our world
1 Physiological needs
2 Safety
3 Belongingness
4 Esteem
5 Self-actualization
A culture can also be understood as a particular way to satisfy our human needs. Let’s follow Abraham Maslow!
ADAPTIVE
LEARNED
transmitted
INTEGRATED
symbolic
CULTURE IS…
The Characteristics of Culture
unconscious
Subject to change
1) Culture is learned
consciously or unconsciously:
(enculturation)
**through Proverbs, Folktales, Myths, and legends
**through Art
. Beijing Opera
**through Mass Media
Behaviour
Traditions
Artefacts – buildings, clothes, art etc.
Beliefs
Attitudes
Perceptions
Values
way of doing things(10%)
way of thinking(90%)
2) Most part of culture is unconscious Culture as an iceberg
explicit
tacit
Can you tell which of the following are above the