文档介绍：本科毕业设计(论文)
外文翻译
翻译
Rural employment and life:Challenges to gender roles
InVietnam's agriculture at present
Hoang Ba Thinh
Research Centre for Gender, Family and Environment in Development, Viet Nam
This paper represents work in progress and is circulated for discussion ment. Views and opinions expressed here are those of the authors, and do not represent official positions or endorsement of the Food and anization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), or the International Labour Office (ILO).
Abstract
The process of agricultural - rural urbanization and industrialization has created
drastic changes in the lives of Vietnamese farmers at present. Besides positive factors, there exit some negative impacts made by the process of urbanization and
industrialization, especially the conversion of agricultural fertility land for new industrial zone, golf ground (There are 500,000 hectares of cultivated land lost from 2001 to 2007, and 120,000 hectares lost in 2007 in particular), etc. making thousands of households landless and so they have to seek various ways to earn their living, increasing the number of women going abroad for labor export and getting married to foreigners. This leads to the trend of “feminized agriculture, aging rural” and “women household heads”, and other social issues like: transformation of family structure and size, increase in number of divorces, etc. leading to the increase in sex workers, women and girl child trafficking. These are challenges to farmers in general and Vietnamese rural women in particular. This article mentions the main points relating to employment and lives of rural women in the context of rural urbanization and industrialization in the last decade. Especially, the article emphasizes solutions of job training/vocational training to improve technical skills for rural women.
Methodology: the article uses data from the following sources:
- Results of survey on populatio