文档介绍：3
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第 21 卷第 2 3 期化学进展 Vol. 21 No. 2 3
2009 年 3 月 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY Mar. , 2009
纳米异质结光催化材料在环境污染
控制领域的研究进展
3
3 3 2 于洪涛全燮
(大连理工大学环境与生命学院工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室大连 116024)
摘要纳米异质结结合了纳米材料和异质结的优点,在许多领域得到广泛研究。在环境污染控制领
域,由于能够克服 TiO2 光催化剂的量子效率低和不能有效利用可见光等缺点,纳米异质结具有潜在的应用
价值。本文首先介绍了与污染控制有关的异质结的基本理论,包括内建电场对光致电荷分离的驱动作用及
其作用范围,光照方式、上层半导体厚度、能带和构型对异质结电荷分离方式的影响。然后总结了纳米 pn
结、nn 结、肖特基结、半导体与碳材料构成的纳米异质结光催化材料在环境污染控制领域的进展,并对其发
展趋势作了展望。
关键词异质结能带电荷分离机理光催化
中图分类号: TQ426 ; X506 ; TB383 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1005 281X(2009) 02 3 0406 14
Nano Heterojunction Photocatalytic Materials in
Environmental Pollution Controlling
Yu Hongtao Quan Xie
( Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering of Ministry of Education , School of Environmental
and Biological Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China)
Abstract Nano heterojunctions , which integrate the advantages of nano materials and heterojunctions , have
attracted wide interests in many areas. In environmental pollution controlling area , nano heterojunctions possess the
potential application , because they can e the two obstacles of TiO2 photocatalyst : the dissatisfactory quantum
efficiency and the neglectable utilization of visible light. This review introduces the basic mechanism of nano
heterojunction related to environmental pollution controlling , including the driving force of inner electric field to
photogenerated charge separation and its active region , the effect of illumination , the thickness of top semiconductor ,
energy bands and structure type on photogenerated charge separation mode of heterojunction. The progress of pn
junction , nn junction , Schottky junction , and heterojunctions of semiconductor with carbon materials in environmental
pollution controlling is summarized. The future developing perspectives are also presented.
Key words heterojunction ; energy bands ; mechanism