文档介绍：沈阳师范大学
硕士学位论文
《麦田里的守望者》和《钟形罩》中主人公成长历程对比研究
姓名:吕晶
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国语言学及应用语言学
指导教师:郭忠壮
20090601
摘要

成长,作为人类生活中普遍存在的文化现象和生命个体的重要体验,是美国
文学中一个经久不衰的主题,成长小说也就成为了美国文学的一个重要组成部
分。近年来从成长小说的角度对文学作品进行分析变得越来越普遍和流行。美国
著名作家 J. D. 塞林格的《麦田里的守望者》和美国著名女作家西尔维亚·普拉
斯的《钟形罩》在美国文学史上占有及其重要的地位,是两部影响深远的探讨青
少年成长历程中内心孤独、苦闷、无助的成长小说。
本文从人类文明和文化发展的角度出发,首先对两部文学作品以及成长小
说的起源、定义和特征进行了简要的介绍;对古代成人仪式在人类文化史上的发
展历程、三阶段以及死亡—再生仪式进行了详细的探讨;并在此基础上对两部成
长小说《麦田里的守望者》和《钟形罩》中男、女主人公的成长历程进行了深入、
细致的对比分析,揭示出古代成人仪式在两部现代文学作品中淋漓尽致的体现,
从而证明成人仪式在人类文明和文化发展史上的源远流长,揭示出两部文学作品
的深层次内涵和永恒的艺术价值,并进一步指出古代成人仪式对当代青少年成长
问题所带来的有益启示。
关键词:青少年;成长历程;成人仪式;文化发展

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ABSTRACT

Initiation, as a universal cultural phenomenon and an important individual
experience in human life, has always been a repetitive theme in American literature,
thus initiation story has e an important part of American literary tradition. In
the recent years, it has e more and more prevalent to analyze literary works
from the viewpoint of initiation story. The Catcher in the Rye written by the famous
American male writer J. D. Salinger and The Bell Jar by the noted American female
writer Sylvia Plath are two outstanding masterpieces in American literature, which are
two influential initiation stories on the exploration of adolescents’ loneliness,
depression and helplessness in initiation.
From the perspective of the development of human civilization, based on a brief
introduction of the two novels and the roots, definition and features of initiation story,
a detailed exploration of the ancient initiation rites, including the development of
ancient initiation rites in human civilization, their three phases and death-rebirth rite,
this thesis makes a profound and parison of the male and female
protagonists’ initiation phases in the two American initiation stories The Catcher in
the Rye and The Bell Jar. We may expose how the ancient initiation rites manifest
themselves vividl