文档介绍：HEPATITIS VIRUSES肝炎病毒
HAV甲型肝炎病毒
HBV乙型肝炎病毒
HCV丙型肝炎病毒
HDV丁型肝炎病毒
HEV戊型肝炎病毒
HFV 已型肝炎病毒
HGV 庚型肝炎病毒
TTV TT型肝炎病毒
Hepatitis A virus,HAV甲型肝炎病毒
Biological Properties
picornavirus, +ssRNA genome小RNA病毒科
27 nm in diameter ,non-enveloped icosahedral particle
27nm, 球形, 20面立体对称,无包膜
one serotype一个血清型
Feinstone
(1973)
Stronger than enterovirus, resistant to detergents, acid (pH for 2h), 60℃ for 1h,survive for months in fresh water and salt water
抵抗力比肠道病毒强
Pathogenesis致病性
spread via the fecal-oral route粪-口途径传播
Source of infection: patient, inapparent infection传染源: 病人、隐性感染者
Viral shedding in the stool precedes the onset of symptoms by 14d but stops before the cessation of symptoms
Symptoms
Initial symptoms: fever, fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain
Jaundice
HAV的致病性
粪-口途径传播
小肠淋巴结中大量增殖
入血并形成病毒血症
肝脏为最终靶器官(病毒直接损伤或免疫病理作用)
通过胆汁随粪便排出体外
Asymptomatic infections are mon. As already noted, disease in children is generally milder than that in adults and is usually asymptomatic隐性感染多
No a chronic infection and carrier,not associated with hepatic ,不与肝癌有关
Complete recovery:99% 预后好
Fulminant hepatitis暴发性肝炎: 1~3 / 1000, 80% mortality rate死亡率
Pregnant women may develop more severe disease.
孕妇感染严重
Mechanisim of pathogenisis致病机理:
Directly injury by virus病毒直接损伤
immunopathogenesis免疫病理作用
immunity免疫性
无论显性感染还是隐性感染
均能产生抗-HAV的 IgM和IgG抗体
抗-HAV的IgM在急性期和恢复早期出现
阳性可作为甲肝的确诊依据
抗-HAV的IgG在恢复后期出现
有保护作用,维持终身