文档介绍：沈阳师范大学
硕士学位论文
译者的困境:《尤利西斯》汉译之旅
姓名:由元
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国语言学与应用语言学
指导教师:史国强
20100501
摘要

本文通过对《尤利西斯》萧、金译本的对比研究,阐释文学作品翻译中译
者的主体性,探究文学名著及其译本在译入语环境中的文学名声操控现象。
《尤利西斯》是意识流小说的里程碑。对于中国读者,《尤利西斯》不仅是
意识流经典,也是一部纷繁芜杂且难以卒读的小说。1994 年《尤利西斯》的两
部汉译本几乎同时出版,两译本孰高孰低的争论至今不休。然而,像《尤》这样
博大精深的文学著作很难按照某个单一的理论进行翻译和评析。
翻译理论多种多样,但是焦点却始终集于译者的两难困境:优先选择忠实
原文,还是保证译文流畅;也就是忠于原作者还是忠于读者。传统译论声称原文
至高无上,译者则应“隐身”。然而,文学翻译实践证明,译者终难隐身。翻译
研究发生文化转向后,译者的能动性得到突显。
依据德国功能理论学派的“目的论”,当译文与原文的功能相同时,等效可
以作为翻译标准;当译文与原文功能不同时,忠实原则指出译文主要取决于译者
的翻译目的。
本文以目的论为理论框架,结合读者接受理论,探究译者主体性对《尤利
西斯》两中文译本的影响与操控。本文通过论证,阐释文学翻译中译者的忠实,
无论是对原作者还是对读者,都是译者选择的结果。译者的选择又受到深植于译
者的历史文化背景中的译者主体性的制约。因此,文学翻译中的操控现象是译者
主体性作用于译文带来的结果。在对《尤利西斯》两汉译本的分析研究基础上,
本文提出可行策略,以期为文学翻译在忠实与可读之间寻得平衡。
关键词: 文学翻译;意识流;《尤利西斯》;译者主体性;操控
iv
Abstract

The present thesis, through parative study of the two Chinese versions
of Ulysses, demonstrates that the translators’ subjectivities are inevitably reflected in
their translations, which is the radical reason that the translations and fame of a
literary work are manipulated by the translators in the target language.
James Joyce’s Ulysses is the milestone of the stream of consciousness novels.
Among Chinese readers, Ulysses enjoys the fame of the stream of consciousness
classic as well as that of a novel unreadable due to its perplexity prehension.
Since Ulysses’ two Chinese versions came into being almost simultaneously in 1994,
there has been the debate on the assessment of the two Chinese versions. However,
literary masterpiece like Ulysses is plex a system to be defined and analyzed
within any single translation theory.
Diversified as translation theories are, their focus has long been pinned to
translator’s dilemma between his preference of the faithfulness to the original work
and that of the readability of the translated text, hence his fidelity to the author or the
readers. Traditional translation theories claim that the source text is the superior,
wh