文档介绍：Urinary System泌尿系统
★ Composition
Kidney 肾－form urine
Ureter 输尿管－conduct urine from kidneys to bladder
Urinary bladder 膀胱－receives and stores urine
Urethra 尿道－conducts urine from bladder to exterior of body (discharged)
Kidney 肾
★ General features
Bean shaped, reddish-brown organs
Superior extremity－broad and thin
Inferior extremity－narrow and thick
Anterior surface－convex
Posterior surface－flat
Lateral border－convex
Kidney 肾
Medial border－concave
★ Renal hilum 肾门－a vertical slit on the medial border of kidney
★ Renal pedicle肾蒂－ the structures which enter and leave the renal hilum，including the renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis, lymphatic vessels and nerves
Order of structures in the renal pedicle
From anterior to posterior－renal V, renal A, renal pelvis.
From superior to inferior－ renal A. renal V. renal pelvis.
Kidney 肾
★ Renal sinus 肾窦
The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidney
Contents: Occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calices, major renal calices, renal pelvis and some adipose tissue
kidney
★ Renal structure肾的结构
Renal cortex 肾皮质
renal columns 肾柱
Renal medulla 肾髓质
Renal pyramids 肾锥体 (15～20)
Renal papilla 肾乳头
Papillary foramina 乳头孔
Minor renal calices 肾小盏 (7－8)
Major renal calices 肾大盏 (2～3)
Renal pelvis 肾盂
Renal cortex consist of renal units，which produces the urine
kidney
★ Coverings of kidney
Fibrous capsule 纤维囊
Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊
Renal fascia 肾筋膜
kidney
Coverings of kidney
Fibrous capsule 纤维囊
A strong fibrous capsule which strips easily from a normal kidney surface but adheres firmly to an organ that has been inflamed
kidney
Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊
A thick adipose connective tissue capsule, surrounds the fibrous capsule
It acts as a shock absorber to protect the kidney from jolting and jarring
Renal fascia 肾筋膜
On outside, surrounds both the kidney and suprarenal gland
Holding these organs in place
kidney
★ Position of Kidney
Lie behind the