文档介绍：Chapter Two The skills of choosing the proper meaning of a word 一、词义选择法( The skills of choosing the proper meaning of a word ) ? I What is diction ? By “ diction ” we mean the the proper choice of proper choice of words and phrases words and phrases in in translation on the basis of prehension of the original. ? The noted British linguist , the founder of the London School, Firth points out that each word when used in a new context is a new word. ?所谓词义选择,就是说,它本来就有这个意思,问题是要我们去选,把其在特定场合的正确意思选出来。大家知道,在现代英语中,一词多类、一词多义的现象比较普遍。一词多类,是说一个单词可以有几个词性,词性不同,意义则有可能不同。一词多义,是说一个词有多个意思。在众多的词义中,选择出一个最确切的词义,是正确理解原文所表达思想的一个基本环节,是做好翻译的基础。它是翻译的难点之一,同时又是翻译的技巧之一。 Let ’ s see some examples ? toilet table / paper / water /glass/cream /article/powder/training/cover/soap ? make tea/bed/war/cloth/way/paper/shoes/a poem/efforts/progress/sentences/revolu tion/a decision/a big deal ?吃醋/药/透/败仗/苹果/回扣/耳光/红利/喜酒/官司? be jealous /take medicine /have a thorough grasp/suffer defeat/eat an apple/mission/get a slap in the face/ get dividends/ attend the wedding banquet/be sued in a court of law ?闹/征求/提出/保留/接受/取得一致/补充几点/对某人很有意见? get into dispute/ask one ’ s suggestion/put forward one ’ s suggestion/have preservation on/take one ’ s suggestion ( criticism)/reach an agreement/add some points to/plaints about (of) II Correspondence between English and Chinese at word level( 对应) ? 1 word-for – word correspondence( 完全对等)? . Marxism; Aspirin ; laser; ? 2 one word with multiple equivalents of the same meaning ( 一词多译) ? . wife ;potato; 医生;人;犬?3 one word with multiple equivalents of different meaning( 一词多意) ? . cousin: carry ; 羊?4 equivalents interwoven with one another( 词义混杂)? . say, speak, talk, tell= 说,讲,谈,诉? 5 words without corresponding equivalents( 无对等关系)? teenager: : 13 至 19 岁的青少年; prey :被扑食的动物; ??阴: the soft inactive female principle or force in the world; ?阳: the strong active male principle or force in the world; ? III Methods to discern the right meaning