文档介绍：III 中文摘要在中国古代戏曲史上,明代是继元代后的又一个戏曲发展的黄金时期,也是戏曲史上第一个戏曲与科举制度同时繁荣的时期。由于科举的影响,明代戏曲从作者身份、创作动因到文本内容、语言形式都呈现出了一些新的特点。首先,明代戏曲的作者大部分参加过科举考试,并且其中很大一部分作者拥有颇高的社会地位,这导致明代戏曲作者的整体社会地位和文化素质具有明显提高。第二,在创作目的方面,由于明代戏曲作者的社会地位的变化,明代戏曲创作的教化目的与前代相比进一步加深,并且出现了不以实际舞台演出为第一目的、只为满足作者自身的精神需要而创作的戏曲。第三,从内容上来讲, 明代戏曲中对科举的描写大大增多,并且出现了单独以科举为主要内容的戏曲作品。同时,由于科举在社会生活中的重要性,明代戏曲创作中的价值取向也进一步向科举方向倾斜,不但出现了明显的“登科情结”,“孝”“贤”等封建社会传统道德概念的内涵也具有了鲜明的科举印迹。最后,明代科举考试的专用文体——八股文也对明代的戏曲创作产生了一定的影响,出现了“以时文为南曲”的新的戏曲创作倾向,具体体现在戏曲的审美取向、人物塑造、语言艺术等各个方面。关键词:明代;科举;戏曲;影响 III ABSTRACT During the development history of opera, the YuanDynasty is another golden period after the Ming Dynasty, being the first era in opera history that drama and imperial examination system prospered simultaneously. As the impact of imperial examination, the opera of Ming Dynasty have shown several novel characteristics from authorship, creative motivation, ideological content and language style. Specifically, the first reason is that most of the drama authors have taken the imperial examination and havereceived relevant education, which makes Ming opera unavoidably influenced by the examination system. Second, a large part of the authors have a certain social status so that the social impact of the opera authors has been improved significantly. Second, from the perspective of creation purpose, because of the changed social status of opera authors, the creation motive and enlightenment in Ming Dynasty have deepened than previous dynasties. Besides, there have beennopracticalpurposesfor the firststageperformance;the onlyaim isto meet the needsof thecreativespirit oftheir , from the perspective of content, description of imperial examination has increased greatly in Ming opera, and there even have been works using imperial examination as sole theme. Meanwhile, as the importance of imperial examination in social life, the value orientation in the Ming D