文档介绍：PartⅡ信息系统的技术基础
Session 4. Modern IT Architecture (第六章、第七章、第八章、第九章)
Session 5. Enterprise Information Systems Application (第十、第十四、第十五、第十八章)
Session 4. Modern IT Architecture
1. Desktop Systems (puter)
PC Hardware
Software Systems
2. Managing Data Resource
Database technology
Data Warehousing, OLAP, Data Mining
3. Distributed Systems (puter)
works and the
Distributed application and Client/Server
The World Wide Web and merce
Security and Encryption
INPUTDEVICES
SECONDARY STORAGE
PRIMARY STORAGE
PONENTS
CPU
OUTPUT DEVICES
COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES
BUSES
CPU & PRIMARY STORAGE
CPU
PRIMARY
STORAGE
DATA BUS
ADDRESS BUS
CONTROL BUS
INPUT
DEVICES
OUTPUT
DEVICES
SECONDARY
STORAGE
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
RAM
PRIMARY (MAIN) MEMORY
CONTROL UNIT
ARITHMETIC/LOGIC
UNIT
ROM
CLOCK
EXAMPLE: 7+10=?
Program:
LD A, 7
ADD A,10
HALT
Instruction Program:
0011 1110 操作码(LD A)
0000 0111 操作数(7)
1100 0110 操作码(ADD A)
0000 1010 操作数(10)
0111 0110 操作码(HALT)
Assembly language
Machine Language
计算机中的数据处理过程:
机器指令和机器周期
机器指令:
1、取机器指令
2、指令翻译
3、把指令放到寄存器中
4、把地址放到寄存器中
5、把数据从内存中取到寄存器中
6、命令ALU执行相应的操作
7、ALU执行操作
8、把结果送到累加器中
指令周期
执行周期

The CPU
CPU = Central Processing Unit
Instruction execution is automatic
(tick) find memory address of next instruction
(tick) retrieve instruction from memory
(tick) decode the instruction
(tick) fetch argument from memory if necessary
(tick) execute instruction
(tick) store result in memory if necessary
Internal clock ticks very fast (e. g., 100MHZ = 100 million ticks per second)
activities are synchronized to start on a clock tick
some activities take more than one clock tick
COMPUTER TIME
Millisecond .001 second thousand 15min 40 sec
Microsecond .001 millisecond million days
Nanosecond .001microsecond billion years
Picosecond .001 nanosecond trillion 31,700 years
NAME LENGTH SECOND TO 1 SECOND
# PARED
TYPES OF MEMORY
RAM: Random Access Memory
Dynamic: Changes thru processing
Static: Remains constant (power