文档介绍：48《形容词和副词》
形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
高考重点要求:
1、形容词、副词比较级,最高级常用句型
2、形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置
3、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序
4、分清常用同义、近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别
形容词在句子中的作用
1大部分形容词能作定语、表语或宾语补足语, 如:
a beautiful park 一座美丽的公园
The play Tea-house(茶馆)is both moving and interesting.
Who left the window open?
How long will the weather stay sunny ?
The silk clothes feel soft.
How interesting the story sounds!
定冠词the + 形容词
定冠词the + 形容词”表示一类人或物,作“主语或宾语”,意思为“……的一种人”,“……的一类东西或事情”。
The new will take the place of the old . (新事物将代替旧事物。)
The young are fond of sports .(年轻人喜欢体育运动。)
The Living and the Dead is a horror film.
:
叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。
(错) He is an ill man.
(对) The man is ill.
(错) She is an afraid girl.
对) The girl is afraid.
well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等
词加-ed 和–ing都可构成形容词
加-ed的形容词表示“人感到如何”,加-ing的形容词则用来描写事物, 如:
We were excited when we heard the exciting news.
alarming,amusing,astonishing,charming,
daring,demanding,encouraging,confusing,
disappointing,discouraging,exciting,
interesting,inviting,pleasing,promising,
shocking,striking,surprising
ly等后缀形容词
friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly (有……品质的)
: (错) She sang lovely.
    (错) He spoke to me very friendly.
    (对) Her singing was lovely.
    (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly
有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
    daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
    The Times is a daily paper.
    The Times is published daily.
形容词后缀
分两大类。一类是加到名词上的
㈠加到名词上的主要有:
①-y,:bloody, dirty, healthy, juicy, muddy;
③-ful:careful, faithful, helpful, peaceful, useful;
④-less:careless, harmless, noiseless, senseless, useless;
⑤-ous/-ious:dangerous; courageous, mysterious;
⑥-al/-tal/-ial/-tial:accidental, horizontal, colonial, influential;
⑦-ic/-etic/-atic,:artistic, sympathetic, systematic;
⑧-ish:childish, foolish, selfish;
⑨-like: life-like, business-like, war-like;
⑩-ed/-en:skilled, horned, golde