文档介绍：Class and importance
A process by which anize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment
What one perceives can be substantially different from objective reality, People’s behavior is based on their perception of what reality is,not reality itself.
Influencing Perception The perceiver,object,context
The perceiver’s personal characteristics interpretation---attitudes,motives, attentive focus--upied problem, interests, past experience(novice,keen) Distortion---expectation
Characteristics in the target attractiveness of the shape--motion,sounds,size background,similarity,physical or time proximity
The Situation--T,location,light,heat,setting
Theory
Nonliving objects are subject to the law of nature with no beliefs,motives or intentions. Perception of a person’s action influenced by the assumptions we make about the person’s internal state
When individuals observe behavior,they attempt to determine whether it is internally or externally caused. 3 factors
Internally caused behaviors(external causation) : under the personal control of the individual;
Theory
Distinctiveness:whether an individual displays different behaviors in different situation.(unusual) Consensus:if everyone faced with a similar setting responds in the same way.(high-E) Consistency:does the person respond the same way over time. .(high-I)
Fundamental attribution error:the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors---when making judgement about others’ Self-serving bias:
in judging others
Make accurate perception rapidly,risk
Selective perception:people selectively interpret what they see based on their interests,background, experience,and attitudes. Study take the stimuli in bits and piece,risk
Halo effect:Drawing a general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic. ---traits are ambiguous in behavioral,moral overtone,limited exper